Products related to Formal:
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Argument-Based Validation in Testing and Assessment
Carol A. Chapelle shows readers how to design validation research for tests of human capacities and performance.Any test that is used to make decisions about people or programs should have undergone extensive research to demonstrate that the scores are actually appropriate for their intended purpose.Argument-Based Validation in Testing and Assessment is intended to help close the gap between theory and practice, by introducing, explaining, and demonstrating how test developers can formulate the overall design for their validation research from an argument-based perspective.
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Usability Testing of Medical Devices
Usability Testing of Medical Devices covers the nitty-gritty of usability test planning, conducting, and results reporting.The book also discusses the government regulations and industry standards that motivate many medical device manufacturers to conduct usability tests. Since publication of the first edition, the FDA and other regulatory groups have modified their regulations and expectations regarding how medical device manufacturers should approach usability testing.Reflecting these changes, this Second Edition provides updated guidance to readers with an interest or direct role in conducting a usability test of a medical device or system.Key updates involve the 2011 FDA guidance on human factors engineering, requirements set forth by the third edition of IEC 60601 and closely related IEC 62366-1:2015, linking usability test tasks to risk analysis results, and analyzing root causes of use errors that occur during usability tests.Written by seasoned human factors specialists, Usability Testing of Medical Devices, Second Edition is an informative, practical, and up-to-date handbook for conducting usability tests of medical devices.The book helps ensure a smooth and painless development process—and thus, safe and effective medical devices.
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Formal Methods for Multi-Agent Feedback Control Systems
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Embedded Software System Testing : Automatic Testing Solution Based on Formal Method
This book introduces embedded software engineering and management methods, proposing the relevant testing theory and techniques that promise the final realization of automated testing of embedded systems. The quality and reliability of embedded systems have become a great concern, faced with the rising demands for the complexity and scale of system hardware and software.The authors propose and expound on the testing theory and techniques of embedded software systems and relevant environment construction technologies, providing effective solutions for the automated testing of embedded systems.Through analyzing typical testing examples of the complex embedded software systems, the authors verify the effectiveness of the theories, technologies and methods proposed in the book. In combining the fundamental theory and technology and practical solutions, this book will appeal to researchers and students studying computer science, software engineering, and embedded systems, as well as professionals and practitioners engaged in the development, verification, and maintenance of embedded systems in the military and civilian fields.
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What is the formal analysis of a ballad?
The formal analysis of a ballad involves examining its structure, rhyme scheme, and meter. This includes identifying the number of stanzas, the pattern of rhyme and meter within each stanza, and the overall rhythm of the poem. Additionally, formal analysis may also consider the use of repetition, refrain, and other structural elements that contribute to the ballad's musical and narrative qualities. Overall, formal analysis helps to understand how the form of the ballad contributes to its meaning and impact on the reader.
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What is a thesis discussion and a formal analysis?
A thesis discussion is a critical analysis and interpretation of the main argument or central idea presented in a thesis. It involves examining the evidence, logic, and reasoning used to support the thesis statement, as well as evaluating the overall effectiveness of the argument. A formal analysis, on the other hand, is a detailed examination and interpretation of the formal elements of a work of art, literature, or any other creative expression. This type of analysis focuses on the structure, style, symbolism, and other aesthetic aspects of the piece to uncover deeper meanings and themes.
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What is the formal analysis of the combustion of methane?
The formal analysis of the combustion of methane involves examining the chemical reaction that occurs when methane (CH4) reacts with oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: CH4 + 2O2 -> CO2 + 2H2O. This analysis also includes calculating the stoichiometry of the reaction, which involves determining the molar ratios of the reactants and products, as well as the amount of heat released during the combustion process. Additionally, the analysis may involve considering the environmental impact of methane combustion, as it is a greenhouse gas and a contributor to climate change.
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What do I need to include in the formal analysis of a prose text analysis?
In a formal analysis of a prose text, you should include an introduction that provides background information on the text and its author, a thesis statement that outlines the main argument or interpretation you will be making, a detailed analysis of the text's structure, style, and language, and evidence from the text to support your analysis. Additionally, you should consider the historical and cultural context in which the text was written, as well as any relevant critical perspectives that may inform your analysis. Finally, you should conclude your analysis by summarizing your main points and discussing the significance of your interpretation.
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Argumentation : Analysis and Evaluation
This book concentrates on argumentation as it emerges in ordinary discourse, whether the discourse is institutionalized or strictly informal.Crucial concepts from the theory of argumentation are systematically discussed and explained with the help of examples from real-life discourse and texts.The basic principles are explained that are instrumental in the analysis and evaluation of argumentative discourse.Methodical instruments are offered for identifying differences of opinion, analyzing and evaluating argumentation and presenting arguments in oral and written discourse.Attention is also paid to the way in which arguers attempt to be not just reasonable, but effective as well, by maneuvering strategically.In addition, the book provides a great variety of exercises and assignments to improve the student’s skill in presenting argumentation. The authors begin their treatment of argumentation theory at the same juncture where argumentation also starts in practice: The difference of opinion that occasions the evolvement of the argumentation.Each chapter begins with a short summary of the essentials and ends with a number of exercises that students can use to master the material.Argumentation is the first introductory textbook of this kind.It is intended as a general introduction for students who are interested in a proper conduct of argumentative discourse.Suggestions for further reading are made for each topic and several extra assignments are added to the exercises. Special features:• A concise and complete treatment of both the theoretical backgrounds and the practice of argumentation analysis and evaluation. • Crucial concepts from pragmatics (speech act theory, Grice’s cooperative principle) presented in a non-technical way; introducing the theory of verbal communication. • The first textbook treatment of strategic maneuvering as a way of balancing being reasonable with being effective• Exercises and assignments based on real-life texts from a variety of contexts.
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Validation of Analytical Methods for Pharmaceutical Analysis
This book provides a comprehensive guide on validating analytical methods.Key features: Full review of the available regulatory guidelines on validation and in particular, ICH. Sections of the guideline, Q2(R1), have been reproduced in this book with the kind permission of the ICH Secretariat; Thorough discussion of each of the validation characteristics (Specificity; Linearity; Range; Accuracy; Precision; Detection Limit; Quantitation Limit; Robustness; System Suitability) plus practical tips on how they may be studied; What to include in a validation protocol with advice on the experimental procedure to follow and selection of appropriate acceptance criteria; How to interpret and calculate the results of a validation study including the use of suitable statistical calculations; A fully explained case study demonstrating how to plan a validation study, what to include in the protocol, experiments to perform, setting acceptance criteria, interpretation of the results and reporting the study.
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Ethnomethodology, Conversation Analysis and Constructive Analysis : On Formal Structures of Practical Action
This book revisits the arguments by which Harvey Sacks and Harold Garfinkel opposed the widespread attempt in the social sciences to construct disciplinary theories and methods in place of common-sense knowledge of human action, and proposed instead an alternative that would investigate the organised methods of natural language use and common-sense reasoning that constitute social orders – arguments that led to the establishment and proliferation of ethnomethodology and conversation analysis.As the very "constructive analysis" that they opposed has begun to be incorporated into influential lines of research in ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, the authors return to the founding insights of the field and reiterate the importance of Garfinkel and Sacks’ original and controversial proposals for an "alternate" sociology of practical action and practical reasoning.Showing how constructive analysis has become entrenched in ethnomethodology and conversation analysis and arguing for a need to "re-boot" these approaches, this volume constitutes a call for a renewal of the radical alternative proposed by Garfinkel and Sacks.
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Testing and Evaluation of Agricultural Machinery
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What are formal abnormalities?
Formal abnormalities refer to deviations from the typical structure or organization of something, such as a process, system, or document. These abnormalities can manifest as errors, inconsistencies, or irregularities that impact the functionality or effectiveness of the entity in question. Identifying and addressing formal abnormalities is important in order to maintain accuracy, efficiency, and compliance with standards or regulations.
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What is part of the formal structure of a poem analysis in English?
A formal structure of a poem analysis in English typically includes an introduction that provides background information on the poem and its poet, a thesis statement that presents the main argument or interpretation of the poem, body paragraphs that analyze specific elements such as imagery, tone, and structure, and a conclusion that summarizes the main points and restates the thesis. Additionally, the analysis may include quotes from the poem to support the analysis and citations of scholarly sources to provide additional context or support for the interpretation.
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What is a formal charge?
A formal charge is a concept used in chemistry to determine the distribution of electrons in a molecule. It is calculated by assigning electrons in a covalent bond to the more electronegative atom. The formal charge of an atom is the difference between the number of valence electrons in a free atom and the number of electrons assigned to it in a Lewis structure. Formal charges help in understanding the stability and reactivity of molecules.
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What is the difference between a formal, informal, or semi-formal email or letter?
A formal email or letter is typically used in professional settings and follows a strict structure and tone. It includes a formal greeting, body, and closing, and uses professional language and proper grammar. An informal email or letter is more casual and personal, often using a friendly tone and language. It may not follow a strict structure and can include slang or abbreviations. A semi-formal email or letter falls in between formal and informal, maintaining a professional tone while also being slightly more relaxed in language and structure.
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